We show that the gross structure of the trench as well as the strain pattern observed is controlled by the kinematics of subduction and we discuss its evolution since its initiation about 13 m.y. We suggest that the surface limit of the zone of mechanical decoupling occurs near the base of the inner wall. In addition, there is evidence that most of the upper sedimentary cover is not subducted but rather piles up in front of the trench to form the Mediterranean ridge. It is shown that compressional structures affect the sedimentary cover of the outer wall and trench whereas extensional tectonics is present on the inner wall. We summarize here the principal tectonic results of these studies and publish the corresponding Sea-Beam maps. In 1979, a field-study using the 3000 m submersible "Cyana" was conducted in three of the four sites covered by Sea-Beam.
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